Java中如何通过序列化进行深层复制

    作者:课课家教育更新于: 2016-02-21 16:18:55

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      若研究一下java 1.1对象序列化示例,可能发现若在一个对象序列化以后再撤消对它的序列化,或者说进行装配,那么实际经历的正是一个“克隆”的过程。

    Java中如何通过序列化进行深层复制_Java的克隆_Java对象_课课家

      那么为什么不用序列化进行深层复制呢?下面这个例子通过计算执行时间对比了这两种方法:

      //: Compete.java

      import java.io.*;

      class Thing1 implements Serializable {}

      class Thing2 implements Serializable {

      Thing1 o1 = new Thing1();

      }

      class Thing3 implements Cloneable {

      public Object clone() {

      Object o = null;

      try {

      o = super.clone();

      } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {

      System.out.println("Thing3 can't clone");

      }

      return o;

      }

      }

      class Thing4 implements Cloneable {

      Thing3 o3 = new Thing3();

      public Object clone() {

      Thing4 o = null;

      try {

      o = (Thing4)super.clone();

      } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {

      System.out.println("Thing4 can't clone");

      }

      // Clone the field, too:

      o.o3 = (Thing3)o3.clone();

      return o;

      }

      }

      public class Compete {

      static final int SIZE = 5000;

      public static void main(String[] args) {

      Thing2[] a = new Thing2[SIZE];

      for(int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)

      a[i] = new Thing2();

      Thing4[] b = new Thing4[SIZE];

      for(int i = 0; i < b.length; i++)

      b[i] = new Thing4();

      try {

      long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();

      ByteArrayOutputStream buf =

      new ByteArrayOutputStream();

      ObjectOutputStream o =

      new ObjectOutputStream(buf);

      for(int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)

      o.writeObject(a[i]);

      // Now get copies:

      ObjectInputStream in =

      new ObjectInputStream(

      new ByteArrayInputStream(

      buf.toByteArray()));

      Thing2[] c = new Thing2[SIZE];

      for(int i = 0; i < c.length; i++)

      c[i] = (Thing2)in.reADObject();

      long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();

      System.out.println(

      "Duplication via serialization: " +

      (t2 - t1) + " Milliseconds");

      // Now try cloning:

      t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();

      Thing4[] d = new Thing4[SIZE];

      for(int i = 0; i < d.length; i++)

      d[i] = (Thing4)b[i].clone();

      t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();

      System.out.println(

      "Duplication via cloning: " +

      (t2 - t1) + " Milliseconds");

      } catch(Exception e) {

      e.printStackTrace();

      }

      }

      } ///:~

      其中,Thing2和Thing4包含了成员对象,所以需要进行一些深层复制。一个有趣的地方是尽管Serializable类很容易设置,但在复制它们时却要做多得多的工作。克隆涉及到大量的类设置工作,但实际的对象复制是相当简单的。结果很好地说明了一切。下面是几次运行分别得到的结果:

      的确

      Duplication via serialization: 3400 Milliseconds

      Duplication via cloning: 110 Milliseconds

      Duplication via serialization: 3410 Milliseconds

      Duplication via cloning: 110 Milliseconds

      Duplication via serialization: 3520 Milliseconds

      Duplication via cloning: 110 Milliseconds

      除了序列化和克隆之间巨大的时间差异以外,我们也注意到序列化技术的运行结果并不稳定,而克隆每一次花费的时间都是相同的。

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